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The Kinbane volcano was discussed in a paper read to the British Association in 1957 by Mr A. Fowler, then District Geologist in Northern Ireland. Like the author, Fowler described the area as a vent with foundered masses of chalk and lava, but he put the eastern margin of the vent to the west of the headland of Kinbane. The speaker considered that the Kinbane area showed the peripheral features of a major vent, sited off shore, which had given rise to tuff beds at at least two different periods during Lower Basalt times. The Chalk at Kinbane was cataclastically shattered but was not an agglomerate, though it was penetrated by small tuffpipes near the castle and by two small vents on the foreshore to the west. The speaker could recognize no features in the area exposed that could be the margins or walls of a major vent.
That post-solidification collapse of the basalt lavas into hollows in the underlying Chalk could produce agglomerate-like pipes could be demonstrated in Cape-castle quarry, some 5 miles south of the coast section. Here, these features were demonstrably post-glacial. Any 'agglomerates' seen in plan, or in restricted sections, near the base of the lavas must
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